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Let us say you had one legit $20 and one really good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to try to spend both the true bill and the fake one, someone that took the problem of looking at both of the bills' consecutive numbers would see that they had been exactly the same number, and consequently one of them had to be false.

This isn't a great analogy--we'll explain in more detail below. .

Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are entitled to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was set by Satoshi Nakamoto, and is an issue of controversy, as some miners believe the block size ought to be increased to accommodate more information.

Note that I said that verifying 1 MB value of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will get paid off.

1MB of transactions can theoretically be as small as 1 transaction (though this is not at all common) or several thousand. It depends on how much information the transactions take up.

In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to fulfill two conditions. One is a matter of work, one is a matter of luck.

2) You have to be the first miner to arrive at the perfect answer to some numeric problem. This process is also known as a proof of work.

The fantastic news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You may have discovered that miners are solving difficult mathematical problems--that's not true in any way. What they are doing is trying to be the first miner to think of a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash")  which is less than or equal to the target hash.

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The bad news: Because it's guesswork, you need a lot of computing power in order to get there first. To mine successfully, you need to get a high"hash rate," that is measured in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), basics gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).

If you want to estimate just how much Bitcoin you could mine with your mining rig's hash rate, the website Cryptocompare offers a very helpful calculator.

Either a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands.  Some miners--particularly Ethereum miners--purchase individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a low-cost method to cobble together mining operations.  The photograph below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine.  The graphics cards are such rectangular blocks with whirring circles.  Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards to the metal rod.

Example: I tell three friends that I'm thinking about a number between 1 and 100, and that I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the specific number, they simply must be the very first person to guess any number that's less than or equal to the number I am thinking of.

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Let us say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C supposes 12, then they have both theoretically arrived at workable answers, since 16<19 and 12<19. There's no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the target answer of 19. .

In Bitcoin conditions, simultaneous answers happen frequently, but at the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented that are equal to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will determine by a simple majority--51 percent --which miner to honour. Normally, it's the miner that has done the most work, i.e.

The losing block then becomes an"orphan block" .

Now imagine that I pose the"figure what number I am thinking of" question, but I'm not asking just 3 friends, and I am not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I am asking millions of would-be miners and I'm thinking of a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer.

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The number above has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand so far. As you likely noticed, that number consists not only of numbers, but also letters of this alphabet. Why is that

In order to understand these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let us unpack the term"hexadecimal."

As you knowwe utilize the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that each and every digit has 10 chances, 0-9.